From Sanskrit to English: A Comparative Catalogue of Ancient Word Cognates and Origins

Category Sanskrit / Root Term Cognates & Similar Words Direct Meaning / Notes
Family & Kinship mātṛ mater (Latin), mother (English) Mother
pitar pater (Latin), father (English) Father
sūnu son (English) Son
duhitṛ daughter (English) Daughter
Cosmos & Elements Astra Astro, Strength Celestial weapon / Star connection
Andham Atom Indivisible particle / Cosmic egg
agni ignis (Latin), ignite, fire (English) Fire
naktam nox (Latin), night (English) Night
ratha rota (Latin), rotate, wheel (English) Wheel / Chariot
Dhara Terra Earth / Ground
Chakra Charka, Circle, Cycle Wheel / Rotational movement
Spirituality & Mythology Jnana Knowledge Higher wisdom and awareness
Brahma Abrahamic religions Creator deity / Linguistic and historical links
Daiva / Dev / Devta Deity, Theo Divine beings / Gods
Janma Genesis Birth / Origin
Amrita Ambrosia Nectar of immortality
Krishna Christ Sacred name/root connections
Sant Saint Holy person / Ascetic
Anatomy & Body danta dens (Latin), dentist, tooth (English) Tooth
Mother Earth Gaia Primal terrestrial mother
Nerve Biological transmission pathway
Ida Nadi Id Left subtle energy channel
Pingala Nadi / Pinasam Pineal, Sinus Right subtle channel / Nasal pathways
Aksh Eye Vision / Sight (Akshi)
Hriday Heart Emotional and physical center
Paad / Padam Pod, Foot Lower extremity / Step
Nasika Nasal, Nose Olfactory organ
Culture, Food & Daily Life Phala Apple, Apfel (German), Fruit Yield or harvested product
Phool / Phulla Flower, Kusumitha Blossom
Paranth / Roti Bread Flatbread / Staple food
Candy Sweet confection
Supra Super, Subrahmanya Above / Higher
Arissi Rice Grain
Padham / Path Pod Track / Pathway
Naamam Name Identity / Designation
Sthithi Situate, Seat State of being / Position
Cummerbund Bandana Waist sash / Binding cloth
Bhandar Fund Treasury / Storage repository
Deeksha Teach Initiation / Instruction
Navy Nauka Water vessel / Fleet
Raja / Rajsic Royal, Regal Ruling / Sovereign
Kottaar / Kotta Court Old English term for chief or capital palace
Homam Hummum, Hammam Cleansing ritual using fire or heat
Vishu Visual Festival of light / Sight
Theek Tick Correct / Accurate
Chaunkh Shock Sudden impact or surprise
Lakshmi Luck Goddess of fortune and prosperity

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